UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India Textbook Questions and Answers, Additional Important Questions

UP Board Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India InText Questions and Answers

Activity and In-text Questions Find Out (Page No. 8)

Question 1.
The names of the glaciers and passes that lie in Great Himalayas.
Answer:
The glaciers that lie in Great Himalayas :
(i) Siachen
(ii) Bultora
(iii) Biafo
(iv) Hisper
(u) Gangotri
(vi) Chaturangi.

The passes that lie in Great Himalayas :

(i) Nathu La
(ii) Bomdil La
(iii) Karakoram
(iv) Bara Lacha La
(v) Zozi La
(vi) Shipki La.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

Question 2.
The names of the states where the highest peaks are located.
Answer:
Highest Peaks :

  • Kanchenjunga
  • Nanga Parbat
  • Nanda Devi
  • Uttarakhand

States :

  • Sikkim
  • Jammu and Kashmir
  • Namcha Barwa
  • Arunachal Pradesh

Question 3.
Locate Mussoorie, Nainital, Ranikhet from your atlas and also name the state where they are located.
Answer:
UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India4

UP Board Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India Textbook Questions and Answers

Exercises Of Ncert (Page No. 15)

Question 1.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) A landmass bounded by sea on three sides is referred to as :
(a) Coast
(b) Island
(c) Peninsula
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Peninsula.

(ii) Mountain ranges in the eastern part of India forming its boundary with Myanmar are collectively called :
(a) Himachal
(b) Uttarakhand
(c) Purvanchal
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Purvanchal.

(iii) The western coastal strip, south of Goa is referred to as :
(a) Coromandel
(b) Konkan
(c) Kannad
(d) Northern Circar
Answer:
(c) Kannad.

(iv) The highest peak in the Eastern Ghats is :
(a) Anai Mudi
(b) Kanchenjunga
(c) Mahendragiri
(d) Khasi
Answer:
(c) Mahendragiri.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

Question 2.
Answer the following questions briefly : (i) What is Bhabar ? (Annual Exam. 2007)
Answer:
(1) Bhabar : Bhabar is a narrow belt of 8 to 16 km in width. It lies (west-east) all along the foot of the Shiwaliks. It is largely covered with pebbles brought down and deposited by the rivers descending from the mountains. All streams disappear in this belt due to the porous beds formed by them.

(ii) Name the three major divisions of the Himalayas from north to south.
Answer:
(1) Following are the three parallel ranges of the Himalayas:
(i) The Great or Inner Himalaya or Himadri.
(ii) The Lesser Himalaya or Himachal.
(iii) The Shiwaliks.

(iii) Which plateau lies between the Aravali and the Vindhyan ranges ?
Answer:
The Malwa plateau lies between the Aravali and Vindhyan ranges.

(iv) Name the island group of India having coral origin.
Answer:
Lakshadweep Islands haye coral origin.

3. Distinguish between :
(i) Bhangar and Khadar
Answer:
(1) Bhangar: It is the largest part of the northern plain. It is formed of older alluvium. The soil in this region contains calcareous deposits locally known as kankar.
(2) Khadar : It is a region formed of the newer and younger deposits of the flood plains. This region is renewed almost every year and so is fertile, thus, ideal for intensive agriculture.

(ii) Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats.
Answer:
The Eastern Ghats :
(1) Location:
(i) The Eastern Ghats form the eastern edge of the Deccan Plateau.
(ii) They also run nearly parallel to the eastern coast. But they are highly broken, irregular and discontinuous.
(2) Extent:
They run from the Mahanadi Valley (in Odisha) to the Nilgiris in the south (Tamil Nadu).
(3) Sub-divisions:
The Eastern Ghats comprise a series of low hills such the Mahendragiri, the Nallamalai, the Javadi and the Shevroy Hills.

The Western Ghats :
(1) Location :
(i) The Western Ghats form almost an unbroken western edge of the Deccan Plateau.
(ii) It runs nearly parallel to the western coast.
(2) Extent :
They run north-south along the Arabian Sea coast, from south Gujarat to Kerala.
(3) Sub-divisIons :
The Western Ghats comprise the Sahyadri, the Nilgiris, the Annamalai and the Cardamom Hills.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

Question 4.
Which are the major physiographic divisions of India? Contrast the relief of the Himalayan region with that of the Peninsular plateau.
Or
Compare the relief of Himalayas with that of Peninsular Plateau. (2010-980707-C2)
Or
Describe the physiographic divisions or physical features of India.
Answer:
(1) The Himalayan Mountains : These are geologically young and structurally fold mountains that stretch over the northern borders of India. These represent the loftiest and one of the most rugged mountain barriers of the world.
(2) The Northern Plain : It is about 2,400 km long and 240-320 km wide. It is formed by the interplay of the three major river systems the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra. It is formed of fertile alluvial soil.
(3) The Peninsular Plateau : It is a tableland composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. It has broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills.
(4) The Indian Desert: It lies towards the western margins of the Aravalli hills. It has arid climate with low vegetation cover.
(5) The Coastal Plains : These plains stretch along the eastern and western edges of the peninsular plateau.
(6) The Islands : These include two island groups – the Lakshadweep Islands and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

The Himalayas :
The Himalayas
(1) The Himalayas exist along the northern borders of India. They make a very high mountain wall.
(2) They are young fold moun tains. They were formed by folding of sedimentary rocks in the Tethys Sea, in a late geological period.
(3) The Himalayas, north-south, comprise three main high mountain ranges, uiz., the Himadri, the Himachal and the Shiwaliks.
(4) The Himalayan region, west- east, comprise the Purijab Himalaya. the Kumaon Himalaya. the Nerl Himalaya and the Assam Himalaya.
(5) Most of world’s highest peaks exist in the Himalayas. Some of them rise over 8,000 metres. e.g., the Mt. Everest, the Kanchenjunga, the Dhaulagiri, etc.
(6) The highest parts of the Himalayas (the Ilimadri) is. permanently covered with snow. There exist many glaciers which give rise to perennial rivers which are both snow-fed and rain-fed.

The Peninsular Plateau :
(1) The Peninsular Plateau covers the large southern part of India. They are broader in the north and taper towards the south.
(2) This region is part of the oldest structure of the earth’s crust. It is formed of crystalline, igenous and metamorpiiic rocks.
(3) The Peninsular plateau comprises two main 4ivisions, viz., the Central ïlighlands in the north and the Deccan Plateau in the south.
(4) This region has no such dassitication. It comprises, west-east, the Maiwa, the Bundel-khand and the Chhotanagpur pleateaus. The famous lava plateau lies in it.Š westeril part.
(5) The plateau region is much lower in height. Its highest peak is Anai Much (2,695 metres). It has many ranges and hills running in different directions.
(6) The peninsular plateau lacks permanent snow cover. Rivers are only rainfed and largely seasonal innature.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

Question 5.
Give an account of the Northern Plains of India. (2016-ZZDRO95)
Or
Describe any five features of the Northern Plains of India. (2012-77, 82)
Or Describe any three characteristic of the Northern Plains of India. (2016-3TBIKNR, K4W7AM7, SOPE2PF; 2015-LYVEZPI)
Answer:
(1) The Northern Plain has been formed by the interplay of the three major river systems – the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.
(2) The plain is formed of alluvial soil.
(3) It spreads over an area of 7 lakh sq. km.
(4) The plain is about 2,400 km long and 240 to 320 km broad.
(5) It is densely populated physiographic division.
(6) It has rich soil cover combined with adequate water supply and favourable climate.
(7) It is agriculturally a very productive part of India.
(8) Rivers coming from the Northern mountains are involved in depositional work.

Question 6.
Write short notes on the following:
(i) The Indian Desert Explain any three features of the Indian desert. (2014 9SGHC6J; 2013-IK2F216) Write an account on Great Indian Desert, highlighting its main features. (2011-480040, 43; 2010-980707-A2, 720-B1)
Or
Elucidate any five important features of the Indian desert. (2016-3TBIKNR, A8X7XOP: 2015-VULVEUJ; 2014-RAVNVXC; 2012-43, 44)
Answer:
(1) The Great Indian Desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravali Hills in the western part of Rajasthan.
(2) It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes. Both the barchans and the logitudinal dunes cover to large parts.
(3) This region has arid climate. It receives very low rainfall below 15 cm per year.
(4) Due to hot and dry climate, it has no vegetation cover or very low (scanty) vegetation, i.e., largely scrub (bushes, cactus, small scattered trees).
(5) Surface water is scarce. Seasonal streams appear mainly during the short rainy season. Soon they disappear into the sand.
(6) This is an area of inland drainage. Streams do not have enough water to reach the sea. Luni is the only notable river in this region. Sambhar Lake is important for salt-making.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

(ii) The Central Highlands
Answer:
(a) The part of the Peninsular Plateau lying to the north of the Narmada river, covering a major area of the Malwa plateau, is known as the Central Highlands.
(b) The rivers that flow through the Central Highlands are the Chambal, Sind, Betwa and Ken. They flow from south-west to northeast.
(ec) This plateau is locally known as ‘Bundelkhand’ and “Baghelkhand’ which lie in the southern Uttar Pradesh.

(iii) The Island groups of IndiaOr Name the two Island groups of India. Explain two characteristics of each group. (2012-49, 65)
Or
Give a brief description about two Island groups of India. (2011-480015, 27; 2010-980709-A1)
Answer:
(1) Island groups are as under :
(i) Andaman and Nicobar
(ii) Lakshadweep

(2) The Andaman and Nicobar Islands :
(1) These islands lie quite far away from the Indian mainland in the Bay of Bengal
(i) Due to their location in the Bay of Bengal, they are also known as ‘Bay Islands’.
(i) They are located north-south on a submerged ridge.

(3) The Lakshadweep :
(1) This group of islands lies off the Kerala coast in the Arabian Sea.
(i) These islands were previously known as the Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindive Islands.
(ii) In comparison to the Bay of Bengal Islands, these islands are flat and very small in size. Only a few of them are inhabited.

Topicwise Questions

The Himalayan Mountains

1 Mark Questions (Objective Type)

Question 1.
The four states which are situated near Himalayas are :
(a) Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Arunachal Pradesh
(b) Gujarat, Maharashtra, Haryana, Rajasthan
(c) Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, Jharkhand
(d) Bihar, West Bengal, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh (2010-CBSE-SA-I-980710-A1)
Answer:
(a) Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Arunachal Pradesh

Question 2.
Find the odd one out :
(a) Kanchenjunga
(b) Nanga Parbat
(c) Namcha Barwa
(d) Anai Mudi (2010-CBSE-SA-I-980715-A1)
Answer:
(d) Anai Mudi

Question 3.
The wet and swampy belt of the northern region is known locally as : (2010-CBSE-SA-I-980720-B1)
(a) Bhabar
(b) Terai
(c) Doab
(d) Bhangar
Answer:
(b) Terai

3/5 Marks Questions

Question 4.
How are the Himalayas divided from west to east ? Explain any two features of the Western Himalayas. (2013-29310QH)
Or
Classify the Himalayas on the basis of ranges from west to east. Write any three ranges. (2016-NS5WIB3, O2SXVDR, Q1CDV8U)
Answer:
The west-east divisions of the Himalayas are as follows:
(1) The Punjab Himalayas :
(i) This is the western part of the Himalayas that lies between the Indus and the Satluj rivers. It is also known as the Kashmir and Himachal Himalayas.
(ii) The Himalayas are much broader here and consist of many ranges, valleys and uplands.

(2) The Kumaon Himalayas :
(i) This is the middle part of the Himalayas in India.
(i) It lies between the Satluj and the Kali rivers, mainly in the Uttarakhand. Kali or Sarda is a tributary of the Ghaghara.

(3) The Nepal Himalayas :
(i) This is the middle part of the Himalayas in Nepal.
(ii) It lies between the Kali and the Tista rivers.

(4) The Assam Himalayas :
(i) This is the Eastern Himalayas.
(ii) This part lies between the Tista (a tributary of the Brahmaputra) and the Dihang (name of Brahmaputra in Arunachal Pradesh).

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

Question 5.
What are Duns? Give any two examples of Duns. (2016-J73AW9K; 2014-BKXUOYS; 2013-SHCEESE)
Or
What do you understand by Duns ? Where are they situated in our country ? Give any two examples of Duns. (2010-980724-A1)
Answer:
(1) Duns are the flat-bottomed, longitudinal (east-west running) valleys in the south of the Himalayas.
(2) They occur between the Lesser Himalayas and the Shiwaliks. They are covered with thick deposits of gravel and alluvium.
(3) Dehra Dun, Kotli Dun and Patli Dun provide examples of such Duns.

Question 6.
Give two features each of the Western Himalayas, Central Himalayas and Eastern Himalayas. (2010-980707-C1)
Or
Distinguish between the Western Himalayas and Eastern Himalayas. (2016-BH3AGTZ, GAAQKFR, ITGCOB9; 2014-SCBCWHE; 2013-PMSLUK)
Answer:
(1) The Western Himalayas :
(i) They cover Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh in India. They lie between the Indus and the Satluj rivers.
(ii) They form the broadest part of the Himalayas, particularly in Jammu and Kashmir. They rise gradually in height from the south-west to the north-east.

(iii) They comprise the Shiwaliks, the Pir Panjal, the Zaskar and the Laddakh ranges in Jammu and Kashmir. Dhaula Dhar range lies in Himachal Pradesh.
(2) The Central Himalayas :
(i) They cover Uttarakhand in India and Nepal. They lie betweep the Satluj and the Tista rivers.
(ii) The Himalayas are comparatively less broad in this part in comparison to the Western Himalayas. But, they are quite high and snow-covered.
(iii) They comprise the Shiwaliks, the Lesser Himalayas and the Himadri.

(3) The Eastern Himalayas :
(i) They cover Sikkim, the northern part of West Bengal and Arunachal Pradesh. Bhutan also lies in this region. They lie between the Tista and the Dihang rivers
(ii) They form the narrowest part of the Himalayas. They are narrow but high. The average height of the Himalayas in this section is more than other sections.
(iii) They comprise mainly the Greater and the Lesser Himalayas. The Shiwalik range is missing in this region.

Question 7.
Which are the major physical divisions of India? (2015-AMIHEM; 2014-AZ180KP)
Or
Describe any five points of significance of the Himalayas. (2016-LIUCE4L, UST5T46)
Or
Name the six physiographic divisions of India. (2013-KVSLUK)
Answer:
(1) Major physiographic divisions of India are as follows:
(i) The Himalayan mountains
(ii) The Northern plains
(iii) The Peninsular plateau
(iv) The Indian desert
(v) The Coastal plains
(vi) The Islands.

(2) Significance of the Himalayas :
(i) The Himalayas are the major source of water and forest wealth.
(ii) It has beautiful valleys which have become star attraction of tourism and thus, increase foreign exchange.

(3) Significance of Northern Plains :
(i) With a rich soil cover combined with adequate water supply and favourable climate, it is agriculturally a very productive part of India.
(ii) The soil in this region contains calcareous deposits, locally known as Kankar. The newer deposits of the floodplains are called Khadar. They are renewed almost every year and so, are fertile thus, ideal for intensive agriculture.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

Question 8.
Describe any three features of Shiwaliks range. (2016-471H577, IUHRJCE, DD9YM7F; 2014-A828ANS)
Or
State any three features of Lesser Himalayas or Himachal. (2016-G7VM6E5)
Or
What are Lesser Himalayas ? State any two features of these. (2016-6XYPJ4P, 1IYWXJN)
Or
Name three longitudinal divisions of the Himalayas. State one characteristic feature of each. (2016-RZ7QHJ7, QTWH609; 2014-4NNI2RB; 2012-42)
Answer:
(1) The parallel ranges of the Himalayas are Himadri, Himachal and Shiwaliks.
(2) (i) Himadri :
(a) This northernmost range is also known as the Great or inner Himalayas.
(b) It is the most continuous range consisting of the loftiest peaks with an average height of 6,000 metres.
(c) It contains all the prominent Himalayan peaks.
(d) The folds of Great Himalayas are asymmetrical in nature. The core of this part of the Himalayas is composed of granite.
(e) It is perennially snow bound, and a number of glaciers descend from this range.

(1) Himachal :
(a) It lies to the south of the Himadri. It forms the most rugged mountain system.
(b) This range is mainly composed of highly compressed and altered rocks.
(c) The altitude varies between 3,700 and 4,500 metres and the average width is of 50 kms. While the Pir Panjal range forms the longest and the most important range, the Dhaula Dhar and the Mahabharat ranges are also prominent ones.
(d) This range consists of the famous valley of Kashmir, the Kangra and Kullu Valley in Himachal Pradesh. This region is wellknown for its hill stations.

(iii) Shiwaliks :
(a) The outermost range of the Himalayas is called the Shiwaliks.
(b) They extend over a width of 10-50 kms and have an altitude varying between 900 and 1,100 metres.
(c) These ranges are composed of unconsolidated sediments brought down by rivers from the main Himalayan ranges located farther north.
(d) These have valleys covered with thick gravel and alluvium.

The Northern Plain

3/5 Marks Questions

Question 1.
Describe any five features of the Ganga Plain. (2016-09H4VJD, 3KITSPR; 2014-8P9135Y; 2013-BK8GX6R)
Or
Give an account of the Ganga Plain. (2014-CZWMT21)
Answer:
(1) The Ganga Plain is formed of alluvial soil.
(2) The deposition of alluvium in a vast basin lying at the foothills of the Himalayas over millions of years formed this fertile plain.
(3) It is a densely populated physiographic division.
(4) With a rich soil cover combined with adequate water supply and favourable climate, it is agriculturally a very productive part of India
(5) The Ganga Plain extends between Ghaggar and Teesta rivers.
(6) The Ganga Plain spreads over the states of Haryana, Delhi, U.P., Bihar, partly Jharkhand and West Bengal.

Question 2.
Name the three sections into which Northern Plain has been divided. Write one feature of each. (2015-AWKSV20, FKUC3Z6; 2014-FI3COLB; 2012-61, 41)
Or
Name any three parts of the Northern Plains and describe one feature of each part. (2016-VWURKDA; 2015-A9AANZJ)
Answer:
(1) The Northern Plain is broadly divided into three sections:
(i) Punjab plains
(ii) Ganga plains
(ii) Brahmaputra plains.

(2) (i) Punjab plains :
(a) It covers the western part of Northern Plains.
(b) It is formed by the Indus and its tributaries.
(c) This section of the plain is dominated by the Doabs.

(ii) Ganga plains :
(a) This plain extends between Ghaggar and Teesta rivers.
(b) It spreads over the states of North India – Haryana, Delhi, UP, Bihar, partly Jharkhand and West Bengal

(iii) Brahmaputra plains : It lies in the state of Assam.

Question 3.
How would you divide the Northern Plains on the basis of relief? (2012-55; 2011-480025, 27, 29, 37; 2010-980707-A1, 710-B2, 721-A1)
Or
Classify the Northern Plains on the basis of variations in relief features. Write one characteristic each of any three of them. (2014-JEAOXCN; 2012-62)
Answer:
On the basis of variations in relief features, the Northern Plains can be divided into four regions : Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar and Khadar.
(1) Bhabar :
(i) Bhabar is a narrow belt of 8 to 16 kms in width. It lies (west-east) all along the foot of the Shiwaliks.
(ii) It is largely covered with pebbles, brought down and deposited by the rivers descending from the mountains.
(iii) All streams disappear in this belt due to the porous beds formed by them.

(2) Terai :
(i) Terai is a low-lying zone of great dampness that lies to the south of the Bhabar belt.
(ii) Streams re-emerge here on the surface from the Bhabar belt. They create a wet swampy and marshy region in this belt.
(iii) It has a thick growth of forest and a rich variety of life. However, its climate is unhealthy.
(iv) Forests have been largely cleared for agriculture and resettlement of migrants.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

(3) Bhangar :
(i) The older alluvium of the Northern (or the Ganga) Plain is called the Bhangar.
(ii) The largest part of the Northern Plain is formed of this older alluvium.
(iii) It forms the alluvial terrace (flat uplands) above the level of flood plains or the new flood plains of the rivers.
(iv) The soil in this region contains calcareous deposits, locally known as ‘Kankar’. This soil is less fertile. But irrigation facilities are available.

(4) Khadar :
(i) The newer or the younger deposits of the flood plains are called Khadar.
(ii) This younger alluvium covers low-lying regions and gets renewed almost every year by local floods.
(ii) This region provides the best fertile soils, level land and good climatic conditions.
(iv) It is ideal for intensive agriculture or farming and grows a variety of crops.

The Peninsular Plateau

3/5 Marks Questions

Question 1.
How was the ‘Peninsular Plateau’ formed ? Name the two broad divisions of this plateau. Write one characteristic of each division. (2014-K59PTTH)
Or
Divide Peninsular Plateau of India into two broad categories. Mention any two features of each division. (2014-VKAVVXM)
Or.
Describe the five characteristics of the divisions of Great Peninsular Plateau. (2016-02SXVDR, 8RUISLO; 2014-5V3N2CB)
Answer:
(1) The Peninsular plateau was formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwana land.
(2) The two broad divisions of this plateau are : the Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau.
(3) Central Highlands are drained by the following rivers : the Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and the Ken.
(4) The Central Highlands are wider in the west but narrow in the east.
(5) The Deccan Plateau is a triangular landmass that lies to the south of the river Narmada.
(6) The Satpura range flanks its broad base in the north while the Mahadev, the Kaimur hills and the Maikal range form its eastern extensions.
(7) The Deccan Plateau is higher in the west and slopes gently eastwards.

Question 2.
Explain any five differences between Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats. (2014-MA60ALC; 2013-239FY1P)
Or
State differences between Eastern and Western Ghats under following headings :
(1) Location
(2) Extent
(3) Sub-divisions (2011-480029, 33, 35, 37, 38, 43; 2010-980707-C1, 709-B1, 715-A1, 724-A2)
Or
Distinguish/difference between the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats. (2016-ZZDRO95; 2015-ZZ95)
Answer:
The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats :
The Western Ghats :
(1) Location :
(i) The Western Ghats form almost an unbroken western edge of the Deccan Plateau.
(ii) They run nearly parallel to the western coast.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

(2) Extent :
(i) They run north-south along the Arabian Sea coast, from south Gujarat to Kerala.
(ii) The average elevation of the Western Ghats is 900-1600 metres.
(3) Sub-divisions:
The Western Ghats comprise the Sahyadri, the Nilgiris, the Annamalai and the Cardamom Hills.

Question 4.
Describe any three geographical conditions of the Peninsular Plateau. (2016-TRFIY01, TDNOOZU, TPFD443; 2015-TAMMUN; 2014-GWYNDNA; 2012-54)
Answer:
Geographical conditions of the Peninsular Plateau are explained as follows:
(1) The Peninsular Plateau is the oldest part of the Indian subcontinent. It lies to the south of the Northern Plains.
(2) It is roughly triangular in shape with its base in the north and top in the south.
(3) It comprises mainly two divisions. The Central Highlands cover its northern part. Its southern part is the Deccan Plateau.
(4) The Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats mark the western and eastern edges of the Deccan Plateau respectively.

The Indian Desert

3/5 Marks Questions

Question 1.
Describe the Indian desert with reference to the location and extent. (2015-QJARA79, YPVVB45; 2014-17X80VP; 2013-BRWDOZE, IK2F216, XZV31X6)
Or
Describe the Indian desert. (2016-WE9462K; 2015-SI8OTFH; 2014-X5GZQ8K)
Answer:
(1) The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravali Hills.
(2) The two states which are parts of Indian desert are the Rajasthan and Gujarat. (3) It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes.

The Coastal Plains

3/5 Marks Questions

Question 1.
Name the two coastal plains of India and describe any two features of each. (2016-OHJGSR5, K4W7AMT, GAAQKFR; 2015-0R158KJ; 2014-K59PTTH; 2013-DTEARK)
Or
Name two coastal strips of the Peninsular Plateau of India. Describe two characteristics of each. (2014-4NNI2RB: 2018-XZV31X6, LFPSBP)
Or
Name the two coastal strips that flank the Peninsular Plateau. Distinguish the two by giving two characteristics of .each. (2012-62)
Answer:
(1) The two coastal strips that flank the Peninsular Plateau are : Eastern Coastal Strip and Western Coastal Strip.

(2) Eastern Coastal Strip :
(i) It lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal.
(ii) It is a broader plain.
(ii) The northerd part is referred to as the Northern Circar while the Southern part is known as the Coromandel Coast.

(3) Western Coastal Strip :
(i) It lies between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.
(ii) It is comparatively narrower than the Eastern Coastal Strip.
(iii) The northern part is known as Konkan, the central stretch is called Kannad plain while the southern is referred to as the Malabar Coast.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

Question 2.
Distinguish between Eastern and Western Coastal Plains. Mention any four differences. (2016-817SHOE; 2011-480022; 2010-980724-A1)
Or
Describe any three differences between the two coastal plains of India. (2014-JLS716W; 2012-50, 53)
Or
How are Eastern Coastal Plains of India different from Western Coastal Plains ? State any three points of distinction. (2014-FRFIFDV; 2013-925XJ5S)
Answer:
The Western Ghats
(1) Location :
(i) The Western Ghats form almost an unbroken western edge of the Deccan Plateau.
(ii) They run nearly parallel to the western coast.

(2) Extent :
(i) They run north-south along the Arabian Sea coast, from south Gujarat to Kerala.
(ii) The average elevation of the Western Ghats is 900-1600 metres.

(3) Sub-divisions:
The Western Ghats comprise the Sahyadri, the Nilgiris, the Annamalai and the Cardamom Hills.

The Islands :

3/5 Marks Questions

Question 1.
Distinguish between Lakshadweep islands and Andaman and Nicobar islands./2014-UDSSOGH; 2013-54402LN)
Or
Mention island groups of India lying in the Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal. (2016-WPIEGH9, 086E77W)
Or
Name the two islands groups of India. Compare them on the basis of their location and origin.
Or
Compare the islands group of Arabian Sea with the islands group of the Bay of Bengal. (2015-GOVDEM; 2014-YRDCJGZ)
Or
Explain any three differences between the two Island groups of India. (2014-UD8SOGH; 2012-47, 46, 52)
Answer:
(1) Lakshadweep :
(i) Lakshadweep Islands group is lying close to the Malabar Coast of Kerala.
(ii) This group of Islands is composed of small coral Islands
(iii) It covers small area of 32 sq kms.
(iv) Kavaratti is the headquarters of Lakshadweep.

(2) Andaman and Nicobar :
(i) They are bigger in size and are numerous and scattered.
(ii) It is believed that these Islands are elevated portion of submarine mountains.
(iii) There is great diversity of flora and fauna.
(iv) These islands are close to the equator and have thick forest cover.

Question 2.
Each physiographic region of India complements the other and makes the country richer in its natural resources’. Explain this statement with four examples. (2014-DK0864D; 2013-TB2BHPF; 2010-980701-A1)
Or
The physiographic divisions of India are complementary to each other.’ Give five examples to support your answer. (2012-25, 34, 41, 60)
Answer:
(1) (i) The northern mountains are the storehouse of water and a major source of forest wealth.
(ii) They give rise to perennial rivers which provide ample water for irrigation in the plains.
(ii) The hydel power generated there is used for a variety of purposes everywhere.

(2) (i) The northern plains have well-watered fertile soils for growing crops.
(ii) These plains are the granaries of the country. They provide the base for early civilization.
(iii) They produce food crops for all people and provide raw materials for industries.

(3) (i) The Peninsular plateau is the storehouse of minerals.
(i) Minerals provide raw materials for industries which lead to the industrialisation of the country.
(iii) The plateau region also provides building materials for construction and many other products.

(4) (i) The coastal regions and the island groups provide sites for the development of fisheries and salt-making.
(ii) They also provide sites for port activities and ship-building yards. India’s all major ports are there on the western and the eastern coasts.

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

Map Based Questions Identification

Question 1.
Features by numbers are marked in the given political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of following information and write their correct names on the lines marked in the map :
1. A mountain range [2013-ADHLBY; 2012-50]
2. A mountain range [2012-55, 47)
3. A mountain pass [2010-980721-C1)
4. A mountain range [2012-49] Or, The outermost range of Himalayas [2010-980715-A1, 720-A1, 701-A1)
5. A plateau of central India [2011-480041) Or, A plateau lying between Aravali and Vindhya regions [2010-980701-A1)
6. A plateau (2012-40; 2011-480027; 2010-980715-B1, 721-B1) Or, An important plateau [2011-480042]
7. A mountain range [2012-25)
8. Mountain system (A Ghat) (2012-75] Or, A mountain range that runs parallel to the West Coast [2011-480039] Or, The mountain range between Arabian Sea and Deccan Plateau [2010-980710-A1)
9. The highest peak of the Peninsular Plateau [2010-980707-C1, C2)
10. A South Indian hills range [2010-980721-A1]
UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India5
Answer:
1. Karakoram
2. Zaskar Range
3. Shipki La
4. Shiwalik Range
5. Malwa Plateau;
6. Chhotanagpur Plateau
7. Gir range
8. Western Ghats
9. Anai Mudi
10. Cardamom Hills.
11. A mountain range (2012-62, 48, 71, 72, 77, 82, 35, 46]
Or, The mountain range separating the two sub-divisions of Peninsular Plateau [2010-980720-C1]
12. Mountain range bounded by Narmada and Tapi rivers [2010-980701-C1]
13. Plateau which is covered with black soil (2010-980720-C1) Or, The southernmost part of Peninsular Plateau [2010-980720-A1]
14. A coastal plain [2012-73] Or, Part of the western coastal strip [2012-57] Or, Western coastal strip in south [2010-980715-B1) Or, Coastal plains extending from Karnataka and Kanniyakumari (2010-980709-B1]
15. A coastal strip (2012-61] Or, Eastern coastal strip in south [2012-57) Or, A coast line [2011-480041] Or, The southern stretch of eastern coastal plain [2010-980701-C1] Or, Coastal plain in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh [2010-980709-C1]
16. The smallest state of the west coast of India [2010-980720-B1]
17. Islands group lying close to Malabar coast and Kerala [2012-45] Or, Islands in the south-west of mainland of India (2012-53] Or, An Islands group [2012-065) Or, Chain of Islands lying close to the Malabar coast of Kerala [2012-42] Or, The Islands group of India lying in the Arabian Sea (2010-980707-C1, C2] Or, Identify a Union Territory on the western coast of India.
UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India2
Answer:
11. Vindhya Range
12. Satpura Range
13. Deccan Plateau
14. Malabar Coast
15. Coromandel Coast.
16. Goa
17. Lakshadweep.

Locating And Labelling

II. Locate and Label the following items on the given outline map of India with appropriate symbols :
1. Pamir Knot [2010-980721-A1]
2. Highest mountain peak of Himalaya in India [2012-35, 66; 2010-980715-A1) Or, K-2 (2016-AOYFCN8, G7VM6E5, VWURKDA; 20145V3N2CB: 2013-KUSLUK, LFPSBP; 2012-36, 40, 42, 43, 44; 2011-480022, 27, 31; 2010-980710-A1]
3. A Mountain Pass in Sikkim [2010-980701-C1) Or, Nathu La Pass [2010-980709-C1, 721-B1)
4. Kanchenjunga Peak [2016-8MR950W, B94Z6TH, Q1CDV8U, Y6X40C1; 2014-UDSSOGH; 2013-29310QH, GSDELA: 2012-48, 63, 75; 2011-480012, 32, 38; 2010-980707-A1, A2, 709-A1, 724-A1, A2]
5. Great Indian Desert (2016-5FGB.JWR, NYOZW07; 2014-A828AN8; 2012-37, 43, 54, 55, 72]
6. A pass in Arunachal Pradesh (2010-980715-B1) Or, Bomdi La Pass [2016-3HGMAQU; 2014-J9075RW; 2012-50, 52; 2011-480035, 45; 2010-980720-B1)
7. Garo and Khasi Hills [2016-OHJ6SR5, 11YWXJN, 09H4VJD, 817SHOE, TDNOOZU; 2013-SPBLY, 9FUT3T, 8SJQQWO, ERDFKXD; 2012-25, 53, 61, 71, 77, 82; 2011-480013, 21, 24, 26, 43; 2010-980711-A1, A2)
8. The Eastern Ghats [2015-YPVVB45)
9. Nilgiri Hills (2016-5TBLYZB, WE9462K)
10. Naga Hills (2016-2NIVLFO, 2014-0EPUOU6: 2013-BKSGX5R; 2011-480014, 39)
11. Mizo Hills [2016-RZ7QHJ7; 2012-47, 73; 2011-480040]
12. Nanda Devi Peak (2016-02SXVDR, E07SHHK, 1IYWXJN, GAAQFR; 2014-G4SYU1P; 2013-Q1EJLYE, JAWYOA7; 2011-480015, 33, 34) 13. Jaintia Hills [2016-103PN2W, Z6NSMDP)
Answer:
UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India3

UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

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