UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries Textbook Questions and Answers, Additional Important Questions

UP Board Class 10 Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries InText Questions and Answers

In-text Questions (Page 63)

Question 1.
Do you have some ideas about these industries ?
Answer:
Diya making falls into the category of cottage industry. In such an industry mostly the members of two to three families are engaged. They make such type of products for which raw materials are available at the local level. These are mainly handmade products like baskets, flower pots (gamlas) etc.

Question 2.
Do you also know that some types of clothes are manufactured from yarn, which itself is an industrial product ?
Answer:
Cotton, silk, wool, jute.

Activity (Page 65)

Classify the following into two groups on the basis of bulk and weight of raw material and finished goods.
(i) Oil
(ii) Knitting needles
(iii) Brassware
(iv) Fuse wires
(v) Watches
(vi) Sewing machines
(vii) Ship building
(viii) Electric bulbs
(ix) Paint brushes
(x) Automobiles
Answer:
Heavy industries

Light industries
(1) Oil – (i) Knitting
(ii) Brassware – (ii) Watches
(iii) Ship building – (iii) Fuse wires
(iv) Automobiles – (iv) Electric bulbs
(v) Sewing machines – (v) Paint brushes

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

In-text Questions (Page 66)

Question 1.
Why did Mahatma Gandhi lay emphasis on spinning yarn and weaving khadi ?
Answer:
(1) So that jnore and more people could get employment.
(2) To raise the feeling of nationalism.
(3) To promote cottage industry.
(4) To lessen the dependence on foreign-made cloth and to boycott foreign-made cloth as a means of protest.

Question 1.
Why is it important for our country to keep the mill sector loomage lower than powerloom and handloom ?
Answer:
(1) It will lead to the development of cottage industries.
(2) More and more rural people will get employment.
(3) Migration of rural people to urban areas in search of jobs will reduce.
(4 ) It will raise the standard of living of the rural people.
(5) It will also help to earn foreign exchange which will ultimately make our country economically strong.

In-text Question (Page 68)

Question 1.
Why is it important for us to improve our weaving sector instead of exporting yarn in large quantities ?
Answer:
(1) Improvement in the weaving sector will generate more employment opportunities.
(2) With improvement in weaving sector better quality of fabric and cotton products can be produced.
(3) Value is added at every stage from fibre to yarn and fabric to garment.
(4) It will help us to earn more foreign exchange.

Activity (Page 69)

Question 1.
Make a list of all such goods made of steel that you can think of.
Answer:
Tables, chairs, utensils, medical equipments, electronic goods, pens, boxes, beds.

In-text Question (Page 69)

Question 1.
Why is the per capita consumption of steel in India so low?
Answer:
(1) Per capita income is low.
(2) Substitutes of steel are available at cheaper rates and they are also durable.
(3) Substitutes of steel are light in weight and can be easily carried from one place to another.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

Activity (Page 69)

Question 1.
Collect information about products of steel plants in India.
Answer:
(i) Pig Iron : It is an intermediate product of the iron industry, also known as crude iron which is obtained by smelting iron are in a blast furnace. India produced approx. 6 million metric tons pig iron in 2018.

(ii) Sponge Iron : Direct reduced iron (DRI) also called sponge iron is produced from the direct reduction of iron ore to iron by a reducing gas or elemental carbon produced from natural gas or coal. India produced approx. 35 million metric tons sponge iron in 2018.

(iii) Total Finished Steel: After pig iron making, the rest flows into basic oxygen furnaces, where it is converted in steel. India produced approx. 101 million metric tons in 2018.

In-text Question (Page 71)

Question 1.
Have you read about Kalinganagar controversy ? Collect information from different sources and discuss.
Answer:
The Kalinganagar industrial complex is one Of the biggest steel clusters of the couritry. It has six new steel projects of a total capacity of 11 million tonnes. But, suddenly, the area has become a “fear zone” for investors. Even bankers have started questioning the fate of projects coming up in the complex.

The project had to face stiff resistance from local tribals. They revolted against the officials. In the police firing 12 tribal people were killed. In addition, a new controversy erupted when the palms of six of the bodies were found severed. “The Kalinganagar incident has really shattered the industrialisation of Orissa”, says Sarat Sadu, former State Planning Board member.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

In-text Question (Page 72)

Question 1.
A factory produces aluminium saucepans with plastic handles. It obtains aluminium from a smelter and plastic components from another factory. All the manufactured saucepans are sent to a warehouse :
1. (a) Which raw material is likely to be most expensive to transport and why?
Answer:
Aluminium will be the most expensive to transport because it is very bulky as compared to plastic.
(b) Which raw material is likely to be the cheapest to transport and why?
Answer:
Plastic is likely to be the cheapest because it is light in weight.

Question 2.
(a) Do you think the cost of transporting the finished products after packaging is likely to be cheaper or more expensive than the cost of transporting aluminium and plastic ? Why ?
Answer:
Transporting the finished products after packaging is likely to be cheaper than the cost of transporting aluminium and plastic because –
(1) It will be light in weight.
(2) The destination of finished products is not any particular industry or industrial region but the whole of India and sometimes the whole world.
(3) Finished products occupy lesser space and are more organised. Therefore, it is easy to pack and transport them.
(4) The finished products can be sent to different destinations on a single route.

In-text Question (Page 73)

Question 1.
These industries are widely spread over the country. Why do you think it is so?
Answer:
(1) Raw materials required in inorganic chemical industries is light in weight so they can be easily transported.
(2) The raw materials used in these industries are widely available.
(3) There is a great demand of the products manufactured in inorganic chemical industries.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

In-text Question (Page 73)

Question 1.
Where would it be economically viable to set up the cement manufacturing units ?
Answer:
Ideal location for the cement industry is the place which;
(1) is close to the place of raw materials because this industry requires bulky and heavy raw materials.
(2) has continuous supply of electric power.
(3) has efficient network of railway and road transports. Q. Find out where the plants are located in other
states of India. Find their names.
Answer:
(1) Karnataka – Shahabad, Bhadravati
(2) Andhra Pradesh – Karimagar, Vijayawada, Krishna
(3) Gujarat – Porbandar, Jamnagar
(4) Jharkhand – Dalmianagar, Sindri

UP Board Class 10 Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Multiple choice questions :
(i) Which one of the following industries uses limestone as a raw material ?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Plastic
(d) Automobile

(ii) Which one of the following agencies markets steel for the public sector plants ?
(a) HAIL
(b) SAIL
(c) TATA steel
(d) MNCC

(iii) Which one of the following industries uses bauxite as a raw material?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Jute
(d) Steel

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

(iv) Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer, etc. ?
(a) Steel
(b) Electronic
(c) Aluminium smelting
(d) Information Technology
Answer:
(i) (b)
(ii) (b)
(iii) (a)
(iv) (b)

Question 2.
Answer the following briefly in not more than 30 words :
(i) What is manufacturing ?
Answer:
Manufacting refers to the business or industry of producing goods in large quantities in factories, etc.

(ii) Name any three physical factors for the location of the industry.
Answer:
(1) Availability of raw material
(2) Climate
(3) Abundant supply of water natural resources (rivers)
(4) Accessible port facilities. (Choose any three)

(iii) Name any three human factors for the location of an industry.
Answer:
(i) Labour
(ii) Market
(iii) Transport
(iv) Capital
(v) Banking
(vi) Insurance.

(iv) What are basic industries ? Give an example.
Answer:
Basic industries supply their products or raw materials to other industries to manufacture other goods, e.g., iron and steel, copper smelting, aluminium smelting.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

(v) Name the important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement.
Answer:
Raw materials used for manufacturing of cement :
(1) Limestone
(2) Silica
(3) Alumina
(4) Gypsum.

Question 3.
Write the answers of the following questions in 120 words :
(i) How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants ? What problems does the industry face ? What recent developments have led to a rise in the production capacity ?
Answer:
(1) Integrated steel plants are large, handle everything in one complex—from putting together raw material to steel making, rolling and shaping. Mini steel plants are smaller, have electric furnaces, use steel scrap and sponge iron. They have re-rollers that use steel ingots as well. They produce mild and alloy steel of given specifications.

(2) Problems of steel industry
(i) High costs and limited availability of coking coal
(ii) Lower productivity of labour
(iii) Irregular supply of energy
(iv) Poor infrastructure

(3) Recent developments which have led to a rise in the production capacity—
(i) Liberalisation.
(ii) Foreign Direct Investment with the efforts of private entrepreneurs.

(ii) How do industries pollute the environment?
Answer:
Industries are responsible for four types of pollution— Air, water, land and noise.
(1) Air pollution is caused by the presence of high proportion of undesirable gases such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
(2) Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes and effluents discharged into the rivers.
(3) Thermal pollution of water occurs when hot water from factories and thermal plants is drained into the rivers and ponds before cooling.
(4) Wastes from nuclear power plants cause cancers, birth defects and miscarriages.
(5) Dumping of wastes specially glass, harmful chemicals, industrial effluents, packaging, salts and garbage renders the soil useless.
(6) Noise pollution is caused due to industrial and construction activities, machinery, factory equipments, generators, saws and electric drills.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

(iii) Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry.
Answer:
(1) Minimising use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages.
(2) Harvesting rainwater to meet water requirements.
(3) Treating hot water and effluents before releasing them into the rivers and ponds.
(4) Overdrawing of groundwater reserves by industry where there is a threat to groundwater resources needs to be regulated legally.
(5) Particulate matter in the air can be reduced by fitting smoke stacks to factories with electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters, scrubbers and inertial separators.
(6) Smoke can be reduced by using oil or gas instead of coal in factories.
(7) Machinery can be redesigned to increase energy efficiency and reduce noise.

Activity
Question 1.
Give one word for each of the following with regard to industry. The number of letters in each word are hinted at in brackets.
Answer:
UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries - 1

Project Work

Question 1.
Select one agro-based and one industry in your area.
(i) What are the raw materials they use ?
(ii) What are the other inputs in the process of manufacturing that involve transport cost ?
(iii) Are these factories following environmental norms ?
Answer:
Students do themselves.

Activity

Question 1.
Solve the puzzle by following your search horizontally and vertically find the hidden answers.
1. Textiles, sugar, vegetable oil and plantation industries deriving raw materials from agriculture are called …………..
2. The basic raw material for sugar industry.
3. This fibre is also know as ‘Golden Fibre’.
4. Iron ore, coking coal, and limestone are the chief raw materials of this industry.
5. A public sector steel plant located in Chhattisgarh.
6. Railway diesel engines are manufactured in Uttar Pradesh at this place.
UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries - 2

Answer:
1. Agrobased industries
2. Sugarcane
3. Jute
4. Iron-steel industry
5. Bhilai
6. Varanasi

UP Board Class 10 Geography History Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries Additional Important Questions and Answers

Objective Type Questions

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Question 1.
Paper is manufactured from:
(a) Flour
(b) Wood
(c) flower
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Wood

Question 2.
Which of the following people are engaged in the secondary activities?
(a) Farmers
(b) Teachers
(c) Doctors
(d) Factory workers
Answer:
(d) Factory workers

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

Question 3.
Which of the following industries is in private sector ?
(a) Dabur
(b) BHEL
(c) SAIL
(d) HINDALCO
Answer:
(a) Dabur

Question 4.
Which one of the following woollen textile centres is located in Jammu and Kashmir ?
(a) Srinagar
(b) Panipat
(c) Mirzapur
(d) Mumbai
Answer:
(a) Srinagar

Question 5.
Which one of the following steel plants is located in Chhattisgarh ?
(a) Bokaro
(b) Durgapur
(c) Bhilai
(d) Rourkela
Answer:
(c) Bhilai

Question 6.
NTPC is a…………
(a) Steel producing corporation in India
(b) Power providing corporation in India
(c) Oil providing corporation in India
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Power providing corporation in India

Fill in the blanks :

Question 7.
People employed in the secondary activities manufacture
Answer:
the primary materials into finished goods

Question 8.
Manufacturing industries are placed in .
Answer:
secondary sector

Question 9.
The objective of the National Manufacturing competitivenes council is to.
Answer:
improve productivity of manufacturing sector

Question 10.
Availability of raw material and electricity influence industries.
Answer:
the location of

Question 11.
Mumbai is famous forfabrics.
Answer:
cotton

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

Question 12.
The city ofhas emerged as the electronic capital of India ?
Answer:
Bengaluru

State whether the following statements are True or False:

Question 13.
Manufacturing industries generate jobs in the secondary and tertiary sectors.
Answer:
True

Question 14.
Co-operative Sector Industries are owned by operators, producers, suppliers and workers.
Answer:
True

Question 15.
Most of the sugar industries are ideally suited to private sector.
Answer:
False

Question 16.
Soil and water pollution are closely related.
Answer:
True

Question 17.
Rain water harvesting is helpful to meet water requirements.
Answer:
True

Very Short Answer Type Questions (VSAQs)

Question 18.
How do manufacturing industries help agriculture?
Answer:
Manufacturing industries provide irrigation pumps, fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides, machines and tools, etc. to the farmers.

Question 19.
What is the contribution of industries to national economy? Give one point.
Answer:
The contribution of manufacturing sector to national economy is 17% during the last two decades.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

Question 20 .
Small scale and large scale industries are classified on which basis ?
Answer:
Capital investment

Question 21.
Name the city of Karnataka which has woollen textile industries.
Answer:
Bengaluru

Question 22.
Which mineral is used to harden steel during its manufacturing?
Answer:
Manganese

Question 23.
What do you mean by thermal pollution?
Answer:
Thermal pollution of water occurs when hot water from factories and thermal plants is drained into rivers and ponds before cooling.

Match the following:
(1) Cotton textile – (a) Vest Bengal
(2) Sugar industries – (b) Gujarat
(3) Jute industry – (c) Uttar Pradesh
Choose the correct option :
(a) (1-A) (2-B), (3-C)
(b) (1-B), (2-C), (3-A)
(c) (1-C), (2-B), (3-A)
(d) (1-C), (2-A), (3-B)
Answer:
(b) (1-B), (2-C), (3-A)

Arrange in Sequence :

Question 25.
Arrange the fdllowing in the correct sequence :
(i) Transporting cloth to the workshops
(ii) Sale in shops and showroom
(iii) Spinning the yarn
(iv) Weaving of the fabric Options :
(A) (i), (iv), (iii), (ii)
(B) (Hi), (iv), (i), (ii)
(C) (iv), (i), (ii), (iii)
(D) (iii), (iv), (ii), (i)
Answer:
B (iii), (iv), (i), (ii)

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

Case/Source-Based Integrated Question
Question 26.
Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follows :
Source A : NTPC
NTPC is a major power providing corporation in India. It has ISO certification for EMS (Environment Management System) 14d01. The corporation has a proactive approach for preserving the natural environment and resources like water, oil and gas and fuels in places where it is setting up power plants.

This has been possible through :
(a) Optimum utilisation of equipment adopting latest techniques and upgrading existing equipment.
(b) Minimising waste generation by maximising ash utilisation.
(c) Providing green belts for nurturing ecological balance and addressing the question of special purpose vehicles for afforestation.
(d) Reducing environmental pollution through ash pond management, ash water recycling system and liquid waste management.
(e) Ecological monitoring, reviews and online database management for all its power stations.

Question :

Source A: NTPC
(i) Which is the major power providing corporation in India ?
Answer:
National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) is the major power providing corporation in India.
(ii) Has National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) ISO certification from EMS 140001?
Answer:
Yes, NTPC has ISO certification from EMS 140001.

(iii) Mention the steps that have been taken National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) to protect environment.
Answer:
(i) Optimum utilisation of equipment adopting latest techniques to upgrading existing equipment.
(ii) Providing green belt for nurturing ecological balance and addressing the question of special purpose vehicles for afforestation.

Subjective Type Questions

Question 27.
Why is the economic strength of a country measured by the development of manufacturing industries ? Explain with examples.
Answer:
The economic strength of a country is measured by the development of manufacturing industries :
(1) Industries provide jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors thus, reducing dependence of people on agriculture.
(2) Industrialisation helps to eradicate poverty and unemployment.
(3) Export of manufactured goods brings in much needed foreign exchange.
(4) Industries transform the raw materials into a variety of goods of higher value.
(5) Most of the developed nations such as Japan, USA are industrialised.

Question 28.
Why have the demands of jute products increased internally as well as globally ? Explain any two reasons.
Answer:
(1) The demands of jute products increased internally due to the Government policy of mandatory use of jute packaging.
(2) The demand of jute products has also increased globally due to environment friendliness.
(3) The global concern for environment friendly, biodegradable materials has opened the opportunity for jute products.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

Question 29.
How has the great importance of the cotton textile industry for the Indian economy ? Explain with examples.
Answer:
(1) Cotton textile industry has close links with agriculture and provides a living to farmers and cotton boll pluckers.
(2) It also supports workers engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and sewing.
(3) The industry by creating demands support many other industries, such as chemicals and dyes, mill stores, packing materials and engineering works.

Question 30 .
How are industries responsible for polluting underground water ? Explain.
Answer:
(1) Industries are responsible for polluting underground water.
(2) Water pollution is caused by industrial wastes and effluents discharged into water bodies.
(3) This contaminated water percolates into the soil carrying the pollutants to the ground and the ground water gets contaminated.
(4) There are industries which discharge their untreated water into drains which further percolates into the soil.
(5) Pumping out of this contaminated water causes various diseases.

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