UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Textbook Questions and Answers, Additional Important Questions

UP Board Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture InText Questions and Answers

Intext Question (Page 34)

Question 1.
Can you name some industries based on agriculture raw material ?
Answer:
Industries based on agriculture for raw material—
(1) Cotton textile industry
(2) Rubber industry
(3) Food processing industry
(4) Perfume industry
(5) Tea processing industry
(6) Food product industry (jams, jellies, pickles, etc.)
(7) Coffee processing industry.

In text Question (Page 35)

Question 1.
Can you name the type of farming Rinjha’s family is engaged in ?
Answer:
Primitive subsistence agriculture.

Question 2.
Can you enlist some crops which are grown in such farming ?
Answer:
Bajra, rice, vegetables.

Intext Question (Page 35)

Question 1.
Can you name some of the states of India where such farming is practised ?
Answer:
(1) Uttar Pradesh
(2) Bihar
(3) Assam
(4) West Bengal
(5) Orissa
(6) Punjab.

Question 2.
Can you give some more examples of crops which may be commercial in one region and may pro\ ide subsistence in another region ?
Answer:
Wheat is a commercial crop in Punjab and Haryana, but a subsistence crop in Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

In text Question (Page 42)

Question 1.
List the items which are made of rubber and are used by us.
Answer:
Items made of rubber : Tyres and tubes, belts, footwear, bags, toys, gloves, erasers, balls, insulating mats, exercise tools or equipments etc.

Intext Question (Page 44)

Question 1.
Find out why an Indian farmer does not want his son to become a farmer.
Answer:
(1) Productivity of land is low.
(2) Infrastructure is not properly developed.
(3) Cost of crop in the market is low or not sufficient enough to run a family for the whole year.
(4) Adequate irrigation facilities are not available.
(5) Government does not take proper initiatives for the welfare of farmers.

Intext Question (Page 44)

Question 1.
When farmers have been facing so many problems and land under agriculture is decreasing, can we think of alternative employment opportunities in the agriculture sector ?
Answer:
Employment opportunities in agriculture sector Farmers can be encouraged to engage themselves in :
(1) Dairy farming.
(2) Poultry farming
(3) Fishery
(4) Horticulture
(5) Cattle rearing
It will not only improve the living conditions of farmers, but also make our nation economically strong.

Question 2.
Why are farmers committing suicides in several states of the country ?
Answer:
Some reasons for this situation are –
(1) Starvation,
(2) Pathetic living conditions
(3) Helplessness
(4) Ignorance of the government and society about their problems. (5) Family tensions.

Activity (Page 46)

Question 1.
Organise a debate on food security of India, its need and efforts.
(Hint: This part has been deleted from the syllabus)

UP Board Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Multiple choice questions :
(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area ?
(а) Shifting agriculture
(b) Plantation agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive agriculture

(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop ?
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Millets
(d) Cotton

(iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop ?
(a) Pulses
(b) Jawar
(c) Millets
(d) Sesamum

Question 2.
Answer the following questions in 30 words :
(1) Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.
Answer:
(1) An important beverage crop is tea.
(2) Geographical conditions required for its growth —
(i) Tropical and sub-tropical climates.
(ii) Deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter.
(iii) Warm and moist frost-free climate throughout the
year.
(iv) Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year to ensure continuous growth of tender leaves.

(ii) Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
Answer:
(1) Rice is the staple crop of India.
(2) Regions where it is produced :
(i) Plains of north and north-eastern India.
(ii) Coastal areas and deltaic regions.
(iii) Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.
Answer:
Technological and institutional reforms initiated by the government are as follows –
(i) Provision of crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire and disease.
(ii) Credit facilities were provided to the farmers through institutional sources like commercial banks, regional rural banks, cooperative societies at low interest rates or on easy terms.
(iii) Special weather forecasts or bulletins were introduced on radio and television for the farmers.
(iv) The declaration or announcement of minimum support price for various crops well in advance also helped the farmers. They were assured of a good price for the crops grown by them.
(v) Kissan Credit Card (KCC) and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS) are some other schemes introduced by the government of India for the benefit of the farmers.
(iv) The land under cultivation has got reduced day by day.

(iii) Can you imagine its consequences ?
Answer:
It could give rise to some serious problems, such as—
(1) To feed our ever-growing population intensive cultivation will be practised. Overuse of fertilizers will lead to salinity and depletion of micronutrients in the soil.
(2) The food production will be reduced. Our country will have to import food grains.
(3) Disguised unemployment will prevail in the agricultural sector.
(4) Agro-based industries will have to import raw materials. It will increase the cost of food items and other products of daily-need.

Question 3.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words :
(i) Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure an increase in agricultural production.
Answer:
Initiatives taken by the government to ensure an increase in agricultural production-
(1) Establishment of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
(2) Agricultural universities
(3) Veterinary services
(4) Animal breeding centres
(5) Horticulture development projects
(6) Research and development in the field of meteorology and weather forecast.
(7) Improving rural infrastructure

(ii) Describe the impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture.
Answer:
Impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture :
(1) Major transformation took place with the introduction of high- yielding varieties of crops.
(2) This innovation, coupled with investments in infrastructure, expansion of credit, marketing and processing facilities led to a significant increase in the use of modem inputs.
(3) The “green revolution” has been followed by the “white revolution”, “yellow revolution”, and then the “blue revolution”, leading to an increase in the output of rice and wheat, milk, oilseeds and fish and fish products respectively.
(4) Export of major agricultural commodities have been liberalized.
(5) The latest development, the “gene revolution”, will also benefit the farmers by raising agricultural productivity.

(iii) Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Answer:
Geographical conditions for the growth of rice.
(1) It is a kharif crop.
(2) It requires high temperature, i.e., above 25°C.
(3) It needs high humidity and rainfall above 100 cm. In the areas of less rainfall, it grows with the help of irrigation.
(4) Rice is grown in the plains of north and north-eastern India, coastal areas and deltaic regions.
(5) Development of a dense network of canal irrigation and tube-wells has made it possible to grow rice in the areas of less rainfall such as Punjab, Haryana, etc.

Project Work

Question 1.
Group discussion on the necessity of literacy among farmers.
Answer:
Students do themselves with the help of their geography teacher.

Question 2.
On the outline map of India show wheat producing areas.
Answer:

Activity
Solve the puzzle by following your search horizontally and vertically to find the hidden answers.

Question 1.
The two staple food crops of India.
Answer:
Wheat, Rice

Question 2.
This is the summer cropping season of India.
Answer:
Kharif

Question 3.
Pulses like arhar, moong, gram, urad contain.
Answer:
Protein

Question 4.
It is a coarse grain.
Answer:
Jowar

Question 5.
The two important beverages in India are
Answer:
Tea, Coffee

Question 6.
One of the major fibres grown on black soils.
Answer:
Cotton

UP Board Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Additional Important Questions and Answers

Objective Type Questions

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Question 1.
What proportion of India’s population is engaged in agricultural activities ?
(a) One-third
(b) Two-third
(c) Three-forth
(d) One-fifth
Answer:
(b) Two-third

Question 2.
Which one of the following crops is an example of plantation farming ?
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(c) Rubber
(d) Maize
Answer:
(c) Rubber

Question 3.
Identify from the following the crop which takes almost a year to grow ?
(a) Wheat
(b) Sugarcane
(c) Cotton
(d) Rice
Answer:
(6) Sugarcane

Question 4.
‘ICAR’ refers to which one of the following ?
(a) Indian Community of Agricultural Research
(b) Indian Council of Aviation Research
(c) Indian Council of Agricultural Research id) Indian Council of Animal Rearing
Answer:
(c) Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Fill in the blanks :

Question 5.
Agriculture is aactivity in India.
Answer:
primary

Question 6.
Shifting cultivation in Chhattisgarh is known as
Answer:
Dipa

Question 7.
A crop which is a commercial crop in Haryana but a subsistence crop in Odisha that is,.
Answer:
rice

Question 8.
The Bhoodan-Gramdaan movement was initiated by .
Answer:
Vinoba Bhave

State whether the following statements are True or False:

Question 9.
‘Slash and burn’ agriculture is practised in the north-eastern region in India.
Answer:
True

Question 10.
Rice is the most important cereal crop.
Answer:
True

Question 11.
Another name of White Revolution is Operation Flood.
Answer:
True

Question 12.
India’s food security policy has a primary objective to ensure availability of foodgrains to the common people at an affordable price.
Answer:
True

Very Short Answer Type Questions (VSAQs)

Question 13.
‘Slash and burn’ farming comes under which type of farming ?
Answer:
Jhumming farming

Question 14.
Which country does produce 13% of the World’s vegetables ?
Answer:
India

Question 15.
Which state is known as the harbinger of ‘Green Revolution’ in India ?
Answer:
Punjab is known as the harbinger of‘Green Revolution’ in India.

Question 16.
Why do you think an Indian farmer does not want his son to become a farmer?
Answer:
This is because, productivity of land is low and infrastructure is not properly developed. Moreover, cost of crops in the market is low or not sufficient enough to run a family for the whole year.

Match the following:

Question 17.
Match the following items given in column-A with those in column-B. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Column-A	Column-B
(1) Rabi Crop	(a) Rice
(2) Zaid Crop	(b) Sugarcane
(3) Kharif Crop	(c) Wheat
(4) All season crop	(d) Water melon

Choose the correct option :
(а) (1-C), (2-B), (3-D), (4-A)
(б) (1-D), (2-A), (3-B), (4-C)
(c) (1-A), (2-D), (3-B), (4-C)
(d) (1-C), (2-D), (3-A), (4-B)
Answer:
(d) (1-C), (2-D), (3-A), (4-B)

Para-Based Question :

Question 18.
This type of farming is practised in areas of high population pressure on land where high doses of bio-chemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production.
Analyse the information and choose the correct option :
(а) commercial farming
(b) Intensive subsistence farming
(c) primitive subsistence farming
(d) jhumming cultivation
Answer:
(b) Intensive Subsistence Farming Assertion and Reason

Question 19.
In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option :
Assertion (A): Subsistence agriculture is still practised in, certain parts of the country.
Reason (R): There is small piece of land. Moreover, farmers are poor and don’t have fertilizers, and High Yielding Variety of seeds.
Options :
(а) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is correct but R is wrong.
(d) A is wrong but R is correct.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Case/Source-Based Integrated Question

Question 20.
Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follows :

Source A: Jhununing
The ‘slash and bum’ agriculture is known as ‘Milpa’ in Mexico and Central America, ‘Conuco’ in Venzuela, ‘Roca’ in Brazil, ‘Masole’ in Central Africa, ‘Ladang’ in Indonesia, ‘Ray’ in Vietnam. In India, this primitive form of cultivation is called ‘Bewar’ or ‘Dahiya’ in Madhya Pradesh, ‘Podu’ or ‘Penda’ in Andhra Pradesh, ‘PamaDabi’ or ‘Roman’ or ‘Bringa’ in Odisha, ‘Kumari’ in Western Ghats, ‘Valre’ or ‘Waltre’ in South-eastern Rajasthan, ‘Khil’ in the Himalayan belt, ‘Kuruwa’ in Jharkhand, and ‘Jhumming’ in the North-eastern region.

Question :

Source A: Jhumming
(i) In which of the following countries the ‘slash and bum’ agriculture is known as ‘Roca’.
(a) Brazil
(b) Indonesia
(c) Maxico
(d) Vietnam
Answer:
(a) Brazil

(ii) In which country the ‘slash and bum’ agriculture is known as Ladang ?
Answer:
Indonesia

(iii) Describe ‘Jhumming cultivation’ in one sentence.
Answer:
‘Slash and bum’ agriculture is locally called ‘Jhumming’ in the north-eastern states like Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Manipur and Nagaland.

(iv)is name given in ‘slash and bum’ agriculture in North Eastern States of India.
Answer:
Jhumming

Subjective Type Questions

Question 21.
Explain any three features of Indian agriculture.
Answer:
(1) Nearly two-thirds of our total population is engaged in agricultural activities. It is the main source of employment in India. It provides livelihood to about 60% of the total labour force.

(2) Agricultural sector produces various crops such as wheat, rice, millets, pulses, etc. Thus, it ensures food security for the country. Various cash crops like cotton, sugarcane, coffee, jute are grown. In this way, agriculture provides raw materials to agro-based industries.

(3) Various agriculture products like tea, coffee, spices are exported. This helps to earn foreign exchange.

Question 22.
Write about the features of Commercial Farming in India.
Answer:
(1) Commercial farming : In this type of farming crops are grown largely for the purpose of sale or trade. Mainly cash crops are grown because they fetch much higher prices in the market.

(2) Features of commercial farming :
(i) Higher doses of modem inputs are used.
(ii) It uses High Yielding Variety (HYV) of seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides to obtain higher productivity.
(iii) Modem techniques and scientific methods of cultivation are practised. Productivity is also high. It is a mechanised and commercialised farming.
(iv) The main objective of this farming is to earn money and foreign exchange.
(v) The degree of commercialisation of agriculture varies from one region to another. For example, rice is a commercial
crop in Haryana and Punjab, while in Odisha, it is a subsistence crop.

Question 23.
Explain any two geographical conditions required for the cultivation of pulses. Name any two important pulses producing states.
Answer:
(1) Geographical conditions required for the cultivation of pulses :
(i) Pulses need less moisture and survive even in dry conditions.
(ii) Temperature is required from 25°C to 30°C.
(iii) Pulses grow well in the areas of 50-75 cm rainfall.
(iv) These can be grown on all types of soil but dry light soil is the best suited.
(v) Pulses are leguminous crops which help in restoring soil fertility by fixing nitrogen from the air. Thus, pulses are mostly grown in rotation with other crops.

(2) Major pulses producing states are : Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Karnataka.

Question 24.
Which crop is known as the ‘golden fibre’ ? Explain two geographical conditions essential for the cultivation of this crop. Mention any four uses.
Answer:
(1) Jute is called golden fibre.
(2) Geographical conditions for its cultivation are as follows :
(i) Jute grows well in well-drained fertile soil of the floodplains where the soil is renewed every year.
(ii) High temperature is required during the time of growth.
(3) It grows well on well-drained fertile soils in the floodplains.
(4) Therefore, it is grown in West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Odisha and Meghalaya.
(5) Uses : It can be used to manufacture gunny bags, mats, ropes, yam, carpets and other artifacts.

Question 25.
Describe the technical and institutional reforms occurred in Indian agriculture.
Answer:
(1) The government provides HYV seeds and fertilisers.
(2) Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers are introduced on radio and television.
(3) Government provides technical assistance and training for farmers.
(4) Soil testing facilities, cold storage and transportation facilities are provided by government for farmers.
(5) Veterinary services, animal breeding centres, horticulture development like facilities are provided by the government for farmers.

Question 26.
“The declining share of’agriculture in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a matter of serious concern in Ipdia.” Support the statement.
Answer:
(1) The declining share of agriculture in the GDP is a matter of serious concern because any decline and stagnation in agriculture will lead to a decline in other spheres of the economy having wider implications for society.

(2) Agriculture has been the backbone of the Indian economy though its share in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has registered a declining trend from 1951 onwards.

(3) In 2010-11 about 52% of the total workforce was employed by the farm sector which makes more than half of the Indian population dependent on agriculture for sustenance.

(4) Raw materials for secondary sectors are mostly supplied by the agriculture. But now, share of agriculture is declining in the GDP year-by-year. So, it is a matter of serious concern for all.

(5) Considering the importance of agriculture in India, the government of India made concerted efforts to modernise agriculture.