UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science  Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy Textbook Questions and Answers, Additional Important Questions

UP Board Class 10 Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy InText Questions and Answers

In-text Questions ( Page 91)

Question 1.
Can you think of what and how the government knows about you and your family (for example ration cards and voter identity cards) ?
Answer:
The government knows about me and our family through the following ways:
(1) Every ten years, the government conducts census. In this census, there is records of each adult member of the family along with his/her sex, age and education.
(2) There is a provision of registering birth, marriage and death of the family members with the government institutions.

Question 2.
What are the sources of information for you about the government ?
Answer:
The sources of information for us about the government are as follows:
(1) Right to information. Each and every citizen has the right to know about the policies and plan of the government and also its working, structure, etc.

(2) Political leaders either local or national are the main sources of information to the common people, They make them aware of the policies and decisions taken by the government.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

In-text Question ( Page 93)

Question 1.
Cartoon on this page and next three pages tell us about the disparities between the rich and poor. Should the gains of economic growth be evenly distributed ? How can the poor get a voice for a better share in a nation ? What can the poor countries do to receive a greater share in the world’s wealth ?
Answer:
(1) Of course, the gains of economic growth should be equally distributed a-mopg the citizens so as to make an economically even society. Also, this would be as per one of the basic causes of democracy i.e., economic justice.

(2) It is possible only when this group is given proper representation and chances to participate in decision making.
(3) They should get united to fight for the cause. Only then, they will be able to get their share. At the same time, they will have to take initiatives to strengthen their internal democracy and exploit their own available natural resources.

In-text Question ( Page 94)

Question 1.
What would be your verdict on democracy if you had to base it purely on economic performance of democratic regimes in terms of growth and equal distribution ?
Answer:
(1) If we base our verdict on economic performance of democratic regimes, we see that dictatorial regimes have performed much better in last 50 years. The democratic regimes witnessed 3.95 per cent growth rate on an average while the dictatorial regimes 4.42 per cent.
(2) To our surprise, the poor countries under democracy have obtained a better growth rate (4.28 per cent) than all democratic regimes (3.95 per cent). Overall, there is not much difference between the two forms of government so far as economic growth rate is concerned.
(3) The same is true with regard to distribution of national income. For most countries, top 20 per cent of their population fetch more than 50 per cent of national income while bottom 20 per cent people have less than 10 per cent share in national income. This shows deep unequal distribution of national income.
(4) But, democracy has many other positive things that lack in dictatorship or other regimes, so I will go with democracy.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

In-text Question (Page 95)

Question 1.
Democracy is a rule of the majority. The poors are in majority. So democracy must be a rule of the poor. How can this not be the case ?
Answer:
(1) Democracy is a rule of the majority means that rule by majority views.
(2) Rule by majority does not mean rule by majority in terms of religion, race, linguistic groups, poors or rich.
(3) It means that in case of every decision or in case of every election, different persons and groups may and can form majority.
(4) So, to say that democracy must be a rule of the poor will give rise to a further division of society on a different line and lead to conflict.
(5) Democracy remains democracy only as long as every citizen has a chance of being in majority at some point of time.

In-text Question (Page 96)

Question 1.
All you are saying is that democracy ensures that people do not break each other’s head. This is not harmony. Should we be happy about it ?
Answer:
(1) When a democracy tries to accommodate social diversity, it does not mean it ensures that people do not break each other’s head.
(2) A democracy acts on certain prudential reasons. No
society can fully and permanently resolve conflict among different groups.
(3) In fact, democracy teaches us to respect these differences and evolve mechanisms to negotiate them.
We should be happy that we can live together with dignity and freedom, with all our differences, only when there is a democratic set up.

Let Us Revise ( Page 97)

Question 1.
The two images depict two different kinds of effects democratic politics can have on social divisions. Take one example for each image and write a paragraph each on the outcome of democratic politics in both situations.
Answer:
(1) Democratic politics when makes race, religion, caste or any other existing social division, as its base, it further divides the society and give an impetus to the conflict. This is not healthy for democracy itself.
(2) Contrary to it, when the existing divisions are minimised thr ough democratic means on the basis of moral and prudential reasons, it leads to the solideration of the country. It also contributes in the development of each and every class of the society. It makes an’ environment where people can grow and prosper together.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Let Us Revise (Page 98)

Question 1.
The above cartoon and graph illustrates a point made in this section (Dignity and freedom of the citizens). Underline the sentences from this section which connect to the cartoon or graph.
Answer:
(1) The cartoon relates to inequality that women face today all over the world. This reflects an insecurity to women’s dignity.
(2) The graph shows that even after many complaints against it, democracy has been the most acclaimed form of government in the South Asian nations.

UP Board Class 10 Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy Parties Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive and legitimate government ?
Answer:
(1) Democracy produces an accountable government because it;
(i) provides regular, free and fair elections.
(ii) carries open public debate on major public issues and legislations.
(iii) gives citizens the right to information about the government and its functioning.

(2) Democracy produces a responsive government because the government is formed by the elected representatives of the people. These representatives discuss the problems of the society and make policies and programmes accordingly. To address the problems, these policies and programmes are implemented.

(3) Democracy produces a legitimate government because it is the government of the citizens. It is the citizens who through their representatives form and run the government for themselves.

Question 2.
What are the conditions under which democracies accommodate social diversities ?
Answer:
Following two conditions Eire necessary for a democracy to accommodate social diversities:
(1) People will have to understand that democracy is not simply the rule by majority opinion. Majority always needs to work with minority so that governments function to represent the general view.

(2) Majority simply means that in case of every decision or election, different persons and groups may Eind can form a majority. If someone is barred from being in majority on the basis of birth, then the democratic rule ceises to be accommodative for that person or group.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Question 3.
Give arguments to support or oppose following assertions :

  • Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become rich.
  • Democracy can’t reduce inequality of income between different citizens.
  • Government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, education, and spend more on industries and infrastructure.
  • In democracy all citizen have one vote, which means that there is absence of any domination and conflict.

Answer:
However, experiences show that poor countries achieved better economic growth under dictatorship, this cannot be supported at the cost of other positive aspects like freedom, dignity etc. that only the democracy can provide.

People have over-expectations from democracy. For every ailment, people look towards democracy. Inequality of income may be due to various social ailments and economic conditions. So, it should not be left to democracy alone to reduce inequality of income between different citizens.

This argument is not acceptable for the reason that even if people could not meet their basic needs then what snouJd they expect from democracy. Contrarily, if more money is spent on health and education, people can fetch better future, because human resource is the greatest capital today.

No. In principle, they have been made equal on political footing by giving equal value to each vote but in practice there are many other factors that make one group dominant over the other. We cannot say that’ there is no conflict or domination in a democracy. There is a conflict of interest and domination of one group over the other, but democracy provides the means to negotiate and resolve them.

Question 4.
Identify the challenges to democracy in following descriptions. Also suggest policy/institutional mechanism to deepen democracy in ‘the given situation:

Following a High Court directive a temple in Orissa that had separate entry door for dalits and non-dalits allowed entry for all from the same door. A large number of farmers are committing suicide in different states of India. Following allegation of killing of three civilians in Gandwara in a fake encounter by Jammu and Kashmir police, an enquiry has been ordered. A large number of farmers are committing suicide in different states of India. Following allegation of killing of three civilians in Gandwara in a fake encounter by Jammu and Kashmir police, an enquiry has been ordered.
Answer:
Here, people were discriminated on the basis of their birth in a particular caste or social group. This denies the democratic principle that all are equal irrespective of their birth, religion, etc.

This reflects the failure of democracy in terms of its policies and programmes. In a democracy, the government has to safeguard the interest of every social group.

This reflects that democracy has failed to secure the dignity and freedom of the people.

Following policy institutional mechanism can deepen the roots of democracy:
(1) People should be promoted to respect differences between the social groups.
(2) People should be promoted to resolve dispute through negtiations.
(3) Strengthening of the local government by providing them with more powers and resources.
(4) People should be promoted to pay taxes so that their poor counterparts can be provided with a dignified life.
(5) Government should make policies regarding the discriminated and disadvantaged sections of the society.
(6) Institutions should be made to evaluate the implementation of various policies and programmes.
(7) A body should be made to evaluate the change in the state of life of disadvantaged people at a regular interval of time and report to the government. On this issue public debate should be carried from time to time.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Question 5.
In the context of democracies, which of the following ideas is correct—democracies have successfully eliminated:
(A) conflicts among people
(B) economic inequalities among people
(C) differences of opinion about how marginalised sections are to be treated .
(D) the idea of political inequality
Answer:
(C) differences of opinion about how marginalised sections are to be treated.

Question 6.
In the context of assessing democracy which among the following is odd one out. Democracies need to ensure:
(A) free and fair elections
(B) dignity of the individual
(C) majority rule
(D) equal treatment before law
Answer:
(C) majority rule

Question 7.
Studies on political and social inequalities in democracy show that
(A) democracy and development go together.
(B) inequalities exist in democracies.
(C) inequalities do not exist under dictatorship.
(D) dictatorship is better than democracy.
Answer:
(B) inequalities exist in democracies.

Question 8.
Read the passage below :
Nannu is a daily wage earner. He lives in Welcome Mazdoor Colony, a slum habitation in East Delhi. He lost his ration card and applied for a duplicate one in January 2004. He made several rounds to the local Food & Civil Supplies office for the next three months. But the clerks and officials would not even look at him, leave alone do his job or bother to tell him the status of his application. Ultimately, he filed an application under the Right to Information Act asking for the daily progress made on his application, names of the officials, who were supposed to act on his application and what action would be taken against these officials for their inaction.

Within a week of filing application under the Right to Information Act, he was visited by an inspector from the Food Department, who informed him that the card had. been made and he could collect it from the office. When Nannu went to collect his card next day, he was given a very warm treatment by the Food & Supply Officer (FSO), who is the head of a Circle. The FSO offered-him tea and requested him to withdraw his application under Right to Information, since his work had already been done.
What does Nannu’s example show ? What impact did Nannu’s action have on officials ? Ask your parents their experiences when they approached government officials to attend to their problems ?
Answer:
When Nannu sought resort to the Right to Information Act, a report regarding the officials who had to work on it was to be provided to him. Also this entitled him to know about the actions taken against those officials who did not do their part of job. So, the officials got afraid of the actions to.be taken against them and finished their job. Now they are buttering Nannu, so that he takes his application back and they can save their neck.
[Hint: To answer rest part of the question, students should ask their parents to narrate their experience when they would have visited government offices for some sort of problem solving.]

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

UP Board Class 10 Civics Chapter 6 Political Parties Additional Important Questions and Answers

Objective Type Questions

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Question 1.
Which aspect of democracy describes that it is a government run by the consent of the people ?
(a) Social aspect
(b) Economic aspect
(c) Political aspect
(d) Legal aspect
Answer:
(c) Political aspect

Question 2.
If a government provides its citizens a right and means to examine the process of decision making, it is known as :
(a) a transparent government
(b) a responsive government
(c) a legitimate government
(d) a stable government
Answer:
(a) a transparent government

Question 3.
Which of the following has democracy failed to achieve ?
(a) High rate of economic growth
(b) Decentralization of power
(c) Free and fair election
(d) Enhance dignity of individual
Answer:
(a) High rate of economic growth

Question 4.
Studies of political and social inequalities in democracy show that :
(а) democracy and development go together
(b) inequalities exist in democracy also
(c) inequalities do not exist under dictatorship
(d) dictatorship is better them democracy
Answer:
(c) inequeilities do not exist under dictatorship

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Question 5.
Which system is best suited to negotiate the differences ?
(a) Democracy
(b) Dictatorship
(c) Monarchy
(d) Autocracy
Answer:
(a) Democracy

Fill in the blanks :

Question 6.
Democracy is the form ofin which rulers are elected by the people.
Answer:
government

Question 7.
A democratic government providesfor arriving at a decisions.
Answer:
Rules and procedures ’

Question 8.
Dictatorship have slightly higher rate ofgrowth.
Answer:
economic

Question 9.
Democracy enhances theof citizens.
Answer:
dignity

Question 10.
Every citizen has the right toand the right toelections.
Answer:
Vote, contest

Question 11.
Most of the societies of the world were dominated.
Answer:
male

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

State whether the following statements are True or False:

Question 12.
Free and fair elections in democracy give an opportunity and choice to the people to elect their representatives.
Answer:
True

Question 13.
Democracy does not provide any opportunity for rectifying errors.
Answer:
False

Question 14.
There is very high degree of inequalities within democratic countries.
Answer:
True

Question 15.
In Bangladesh, more than one-third of its population lives in poverty.
Answer:
False

Question 16.
Democracy stands much superior to any other forms of government.
Answer:
True

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Very Short Answer Type Questions (VSAQs)

Question 17.
What is the political aspect of democracy ?
Answer:
There should be regular elections and power be vested in the hands of elected representatives of the people.

Question 18.
How can we say that a democratic government is a legitimate government ?
Answer:
A democratic government is a legitimate government because it is people’s own government.

Question 19.
Who are the real rulers in a democracy ?
Answer:
The voters are the real rulers in a democracy.

Question 20.
What do you understand by rule by majority ?
Answer:
Rule by majority means that in case of every decision or in case of every election, different person and groups may and can form a majority.

Question 21 .
What is meant by dighity and freedom of the citizens ?
Answer:
Dignity and freedom of the citizens refers to the respect from fellow beings, equal treatment of all citizens and individual freedom in the society.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Match the following:

Question 22.
UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy - 1
(а) (1) – (A), (2) – (B), (3) – (C), (4) – (D)
(b) (1) – (D), (2) – (C), (3) – (B), (4) – (A)
(c) (1) – (C), (2) – (D), (3) – (B), (4) – (A)
(d) (1) – (B), (2) – (C), (3) – (D), (4) – (A)
Answer:
(1) – (B), (2) – (C), (3) – (D), (4) – (A)

Picture Based Questions:
Question 23.
Which one of the following option best signifies this cartoon ?
UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy - 2
(a) Lack of compassion towards kids in a democracy.
(b) Democratic Government is facing a strict schooling regime.
(c) Issue of mid-day meals
(d) Inequality of Opportunity available to the poorer sections
Answer:
(d) Inequality of Opportunity available to the poorer sections.

Question 24.
Which of the following options best signifies this cartoon ?
UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy - 3
(а) A slice of the world.
(b) Distribution of resources.
(c) World’s wealth owned by a few.
(d) Distribution of population.
Answer:
(c) World’s wealth owned by a few.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Correct the statement and rewrite :

Question 25.
The democratic government may take less time to follow procedures before arriving at 4 decision.
Answer:
The democratic government may take more time to follow procedures before arriving at a decision.

Assertion and Reason

Question 26.
In the question given below there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option.
Options :
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is correct but R is wrong.
(d) A is wrong but R is correct.
Assertion (A): Democracies are based on political equality.
Reason (R) : All individual have equal weight in electing representatives.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Case!Source-Based Integrated Questions

Question 27.
Read the following paragraph and answer the questions :
Democracy stands much superior to any other from the government in promoting dignity and freedom of the individuals. Every individual wants to receive respect from fellow beings. Often conflicts arise among individuals because some feel that they are not treated with due respect. The passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy.

(i) In what way democracy stands superior to any alternative government ?
Answer:
It stands superior to any other alternative government with respect to its policy to promote dignity and freedom of the individual. ‘

(ii) What are the basis of democracy ?
Answer:
That passion for respect and freedom are the bases of democracy.

(iii) Every individual wants to receive from fellow beings.
Answer:
respect

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Question 28.
Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follow :
Source A : Accountable, responsive and legitimate government
There are some things that democracy must provide. In a democracy, we are most concerned with ensuring that the people will have the right to choose their rulers and people will have control over the rulers. Whenever possible and necessary, citizens should be able to participate in decision making, that effects them ail Therefore, the most basic outcome of democracy should be that it produces a government that is accountable to citizens, and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens.

Source B : Economic growth and development
If all democracies and all dictatorships for the last 50 years i.e., between 1950 – 2000 are considered, dictatorships have a higher rate of economic growth. The inability of democracy to achieve higher economic development is worrying. But this alone cannot be a reason to reject democracy. Economic development depends on several factor: Country’s population, size, global situation, cooperation from other countries, economic priorities adopted by the country, etc. Overall, we cannot say that democracy is a guarantee of economic development. But we can expect democracy not to lag behind dictatorships in this respect.

Source C : Reduction of inequality and poverty
Perhaps more than development it is reasonable to expect democracies to reduce economic disparities. Democracies are based on political equality. All individuals have equal weight in electing representatives. Parallel to this there are growing economic inequalities. A small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportinate share of wealth and incomes. Those at the bottom of the society have very little to depend upon. Sometimes, they find it difficult to meet their basic needs of life, such as food, clothing, house, education and health.
Questions :
Source A : Accountable, responsive and legitimate government
(i) What is meant by democracy ?
Answer:
Democracy means rule by the people, rule of the people and rule for the people.

Source B : Economic growth and development
(ii) have a higher rate of economic growth.
Answer:
Dictatorships

Source C : Reduction of inequality and poverty
(iii) In which area does democracy fail to achieve the same results as in dictatorship ?
Answer:
Democracy fails to achieve higher economic development.

(iv) ‘Democracies have successfully eliminated economic inequalities between people.’ Give two arguments to support the statement.
Answer:
The statement ‘Democracies have successfully eliminated economic inequalities between people,’ is incorrect.
(1) All people have equal rights in electing representatives but economic inequalities are growing day by day.
(2) There are a few ultra rich people whereas a vast majority of the people are poor.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Subjective Type Questions

Question 29.
Describe the political outcomes of democracy.
Answer:
(1) The most basic outcome of democracy is that it produces a government that is accountable to the citizens, and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens.
(2) Democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation.
(3) The democratic government may tak6 more time to follow
procedures before arriving at a decision. But, because it has followed procedures, its decisions may be both more acceptable to the people and more .effective. So, the cost of time that democracy pays, is perhaps worth it. ‘
(4) Democracy ensures that decision-making will be based on norms and procedures. So, a citizen has the right and the means to examine the process of decision-making. This is known as transparency.
(5) Democratic government is legitimate government. It is people’s own government.

Question 30.
Why is a democratic government called a legitimate government ?
Answer:
(1) Democratic government is people’s own government that is why, there is an overwhelming support for the idea of democracy all over the world.
(2) People wish to be ruled by representatives elected by them.
(3) They also believe that democracy is suitable for their country.
(4) Democracy has the ability to generate its own support which itself is an outcome that can not be ignored.
(5) It provides people the option to choose their own rulers.

UP Board Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Question 31.
What are the demerits of non-democratic governments ?
Answer:
(1) A non-democratic government may and can
respond to the people’s needs, but it all depends on the wishes of the people who rule.
(2) Rulers are not elected by the people and the people can not choose or change their rulers.
(3) The people have no say in the decision-making process.
(4) This enhances the chances of rash or irresponsible decisions.
(5) Non-democratic government does not allow correcting its own mistakes. There is no space for public discussion on these mistakes and there is no room for correction.
(6) Non-democratic government does not enhance the dignity of citizens.

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